לע"נ חנה בת ר' מאיר זאב וחנה בת ר' יצחק יונה
The gemara [Yoma 86] famously lists four categories of sins and teshuva:
The gemara [Yoma 86] famously lists four categories of sins and teshuva:
1] If one transgressed a positive commandment , and repented , then he is
forgiven, before he has moved from his place; as it is said: Return, O backsliding children.
2] If he
has transgressed a prohibition and repented, then repentance suspends [the punishment] and the Yom Kippur procures atonement, as it is said : For on this day shall atonement be made for you ...
from all your sins.
3] If he has committed [a sin to be punished with] extirpation [כרת] or death through the
Beis Din, and repented, then repentance and the Yom Kippur suspend [the punishment
thereon], and suffering finishes the atonement, as it is said: Then will I visit their transgression
with the rod, and their iniquity with strokes.
4] But if he has been guilty of the profanation of the
Name, then teshuva has no power to suspend punishment, nor the Y.K. to procure
atonement, nor suffering to finish it, but all of them together suspend the punishment and only death
finishes it.
Asked Rabbeinu Yonah [Shaarei Teshuva 4/17]: How can the gemara say that certain sins are not atoned for on Yom Kippur when the pasuk says מכל חטאתיכם לפני ה' תטהרו - ALLLLL sins are forgiven. He answers:
When it says לפני ה' תטהרו it is a מצות עשה to do teshuva which is an additional obligation on Yom Kippur beyond the obligation all year round [a chiddush of Rabbeinu Yonah that there is a מצות עשה דאורייתא to do teshuva on Yom Kippur]. When it says that this day purifies you it is talking only about מצוות לא תעשה as the gemara says. But on more serious infractions, yisurim [or even death] are necessary.
OK. But how does that answer the question??? The pasuk says מכל חטאתיכם - all of your sins. So how does the gemara limit that to only מצוות לא תעשה???
It doesn't seem like he answered the question.
עי' אורי וישעי עמ' ת"א.
עי' אורי וישעי עמ' ת"א.
