Saturday, December 24, 2022

Torah Umadda And Our Present Educational System

Two things are very clear [to me]. One is that the Rambam was a proponent of what we would call today "Torah Umadda". The other is that most of the "Olam HaTorah" is not. Secular subjects are studied minimally and the ideal is to completely immerse oneself in Torah. If a big Rov or Rosh Yeshiva would be seen in public studying math or physics, it would raise some eyebrows and frankly has not yet happened - ever [as far as we know. Rav Abba Bronshpigal (Shlita) said that he never once saw Rav Yoshe Ber Soloveitchik open a secular book in the decades he was his talmid. I think it was Rav Abba. If not - a different Talmid]. Below I present the Moreh Nevuchim [3-51] which is one of the places where the Rambam emphasizes the importance of secular wisdom. 

How many true Talmidei Chachomim-Yirei Shomyaim are there alive who are experts in Math and Physics etc. as the Rambam REQUIRES? Of those very few - how many studied secular disciplines to get closer to Hashem and how many for a profession or at least to obtain a degree [so that they would be able to have a profession]. I would be surprised if there are a minyan [half a minyan?] of such people in the world. Even such a towering scholar such as Rav Aharon Lichtenstein was an expert at English literature but was not a math-science person [as far as his writings and biography indicate].  

Then there is philosophy. According to Rambam if one doesn't know philosophy, he is basically serving another god. A god of his imagination. If I may borrow a phrase from Richard Dawkins ימ"ש  "A god of delusion". To know the True Hashem mandates that one study Philosophy [and pnimiyus HaTorah]. Which Yeshivos teach philosophy? How many buchrim know Moreh Nevuchim, Kuzari, Maharal etc. How many Roshei Yeshiva know these sfarim? It is just not on the curriculum. [And those who do study philosophy seriously usually can't learn Gemara nearly as well as those who don't]. 

So what is the answer? Well, there are Jewish schools that have strong secular studies programs. Ramaz, SAR, Yeshiva of Flatbush etc. What is the level of Torah literacy and halachic commitment of the average student in these schools? I want to be kind so I won't state my assessment. 

So what is the solution? You can't have both. If one wants a child on fire with Torah and Yiras Shomayim, he has to send to a Yeshiva where secular studies aren't taken seriously and end his secular education prematurely so that he can learn full time. If he wants secular studies then "good-bye Torah". [Maybe there are exceptions such as "Ma'arava" of Rabbi Chait. I don't know the level of the school and the students].

So how does the Olam HaTorah deal with the Rambam? 

1] They can answer that in this area we simply don't pasken like him. At the end of perek I quoted, the Rambam says that one should avoid social engagement as much as possible in order to focus on contemplating Hashem. I think it is fair to say that we don't pasken like that Rambam. 

2] They can answer that in the present circumstances we can't follow the Rambam, although ideally we should.

YU is a great idea in theory. Rabbi Lamm's "Torah U'madda" is a masterpiece proving from a completely Torah perspective how important such an institution is. But practically speaking, I think it is not being to extreme or radical to say that the level of the Torah knowledge and Yiras Shomayim of the average YU graduate is not on par with that of let us say an average student in Brisk, Ponovitch, Mir or Lakewood [I say "average". There are both apikorsim and Tzadikim Gmurim all over the place]. Rav Goldvicht ztz"l used to say that KBY is Volozhin with a Kippa Sruga. I am not sure that it turned out that way. 

So the bottom line is that no educational institution is perfect and wherever one goes he will have to forego very important component of what constitutes a complete Torah personality. A highly motivated student can try and fill in the gaps.  

 

   

ואני פותח הדברים בזה הפרק במשל שאשאהו לך. ואומר: כי המלך הוא בהיכלו ואנשיו כולם – קצתם אנשי המדינה וקצתם חוץ למדינה, ואלו אשר במדינה – מהם מי שאחוריו אל בית המלך ומגמת פניו בדרך אחרת, ומהם מי שרוצה ללכת אל בית המלך ומגמתו אליו, ומבקש לבקר בהיכלו ולעמוד לפניו, אלא שעד היום לא ראה פני חומת הבית כלל; ומן הרוצים לבוא אל הבית – מהם שהגיע אליו והוא מתהלך סביבו מבקש למצוא השער, ומהם מי שנכנס בשער והוא הולך בפרוזדור, ומהם מי שהגיע עד שנכנס אל תוך הבית והוא עם המלך במקום אחד שהוא בית המלך; ולא בהגיעו אל תוך הבית יראה המלך או ידבר עמו, אבל אחר הגיעו אל תוך הבית אי אפשר לו מבלתי שישתדל השתדלות אחרת, ואז יעמוד לפני המלך ויראהו מרחוק או מקרוב, או ישמע דבר המלך או ידבר עמו. 


I will begin the subject of this chapter with a simile. A king is in his palace, and all his subjects are partly in the country, and partly abroad. Of the former, some have their backs turned towards the king’s palace, and their faces in another direction; and some are desirous and zealous to go to the palace, seeking “to inquire in his temple,” and to minister before him, but have not yet seen even the face of the wall of the house. Of those that desire to go to the palace, some reach it, and go round about in search of the entrance gate; others have passed through the gate, and walk about in the ante-chamber; and others have succeeded in entering into the inner part of the palace, and being in the same room with the king in the royal palace. But even the latter do not immediately on entering the palace see the king, or speak to him; for, after having entered the inner part of the palace, another effort is required before they can stand before the king—at a distance, or close by—hear his words, or speak to him.